Oct 26, 2015 douglas mcgregors view is that there are two theories of motivation. Explain the implications of theory x, theory y, and theory z for employee management mcgregors theory x and theory y the idea that a managers attitude has an impact on employee motivation was originally proposed by douglas mcgregor, a management professor at the massachusetts institute of technology during the 1950s and 1960s. Theory x and theory y are theories of human work motivation and management. Mcgregor himself held to the belief that theory y assumptions were more valid than theory x. These theories are based on human behaviour in management. Theory x and y of motivation ppt video online download slideplayer. Theory y assumptions the expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is as natural as play or rest. Douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y shubhabrata bose iiswbm mbaday sec. X and consider using the techniques suggested by theory y. Douglas mcgregors view is that there are two theories of motivation.
Aug 16, 2016 organizational behaviour in the context of people management consists of several theories in which theory x, theory y, theory z are the newly introduced. Theory x and theory y team management training from. His work is based upon maslows hierarchy of needs, where he grouped the hierarchy into lowerorder needs theory x and higherorder needs theory y. Features of mcgregors theory x and theory y of motivation. Challenges and limitations of theory x and theory y. Theory x gives importance to supervision, while theory y stresses on rewards and recognition. The first is basically negative, which falls under the category x basically positive, which falls under the category y assumptions of theory x assumptions of theory x. Assumption motivation is maximized by participative. He was a strong supporter of theories x and y, and he put theory y that people want to work, achieve and take responsibility into practice in a californian electronics factory. Xteacher and theory yteacher aboluays anas musings. Under theory x, management uses control to direct behavior. It is something that makes people act or behave in a particular manner. Mcgregor promoted theory y as the basis of good management practice, pioneering the argument that workers are not merely cogs in the company machinery, as theory x type organizations seemed to believe. Douglas mcgregors theory x vs theory y lucidchart blog.
Employees inherently do not like work and whenever. Douglas mcgregor, an american social psychologist, proposed his famous xy theory in his 1960 book the human side of enterprise. Theory x management style generally get poor results compare with managers use theory y, which produces better performance and results, and allows people to grow and develop. Objective explain what is motivation explain theory x and y of motivation list the assumptions of theory x list the assumptions of theory y explain importance. They were created by douglas mcgregor while he was working at the mit sloan school of management in the 1950s, and developed further in the 1960s. The concept of theory x and theory y was first proposed by douglas mcgregor in his book human side of enterprise as a alternative sets assumptions about behavior and nature of people at work. Theory y assumes that workers can exercise selfdirection,desire, responsibility, and like to work. Douglas mcgregor has developed two sets of assumptions about human behaviour.
Theory x and theory y douglas mcgregor proposed two distinct views of human beings. Theory x and y were created and developed by douglas mcgregor at the mit sloan school of management in the 1960s 2. Pdf theory x and theory y published in the sage encyclopedia. Jan 23, 2009 hi all, as we all knw tht motivation plays an important role in todayz world, a motivated employess can come up wth good results,evn employers must knw the right techniques of motivation as right and positive motivation can bring good results for an organisation, here am attaching ppt of mc gregors and maslows theory of motivation whch is worth for quick reference. Theories of motivation an overview of some of the popular management theorists equity theory equity theory is not a new one but focuses on how individuals perceive. Theory x and theory y relates to maslows hierarchy of needs in how human behavior and motivation is the main priority in the workplace in order to maximize output. Theory into practice abraham maslow viewed mcgregor as a mentor. No matter what it is that you are doing, you have to have the proper motivation if you are going to succeed in the end. Theory y is positive, participating and democratic. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Motivating people using theory x and theory y youtube. Motivation theories theory x and theory y theory x in this theory. Theory x and theory y of management represent two fundamental approaches to employee engagement carson, 2005.
These theories are based on the premise that management has to assemble all the factors of production, including human beings, to get the work done. Mcgregors ideas suggest that there are two fundamental approaches to managing people. Theory y is based on a faulty conception of human nature. The management implications for theory x workers are that, to achieve organisational objectives, rewards of varying kinds are likely to be the most popular motivator. Powerpoint presentations download free presentations membership faqs. Xteacher and theory yteacher in the 1960s, douglas mcgregor from mit came up with the theoryx and theoryy to describe styles of managers. Theory z is a name for various theories of human motivation built on douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y. Theories x, y and various versions of z have been used in human resource management, organizational behavior, organizational communication and organizational development.
Douglas mcgregor, an american social psychologist, proposed his famous x y theory in his 1960 book the human side of enterprise. These theories continue to be important even today. This lesson goes over these additional learning goals. Theory x and theory y were first explained by mcgregor in his book, the human side of enterprise, and they refer to two styles of management authoritarian theory x and participative theory y. If you believe that your team members dislike their work and have little motivation, then, according to mcgregor, youll likely use an.
Mcgregors theory x and theory y theory of motivation. Theory x and theory y management applicationbusiness implications for workforce motivation. The idea behind using letters x and y, perhaps seems to be using a neutral terminology, which does not convey any sense of badness or goodness. Thus, we can say that theory x presents a pessimistic view of employees nature and behaviour at work, while theory y presents an optimistic view of the employees nature and behaviour at work. Douglas mcgregors work builds on the work of other behavioral scientists who showed a link between human behavior, motivation, and productivity. Mcgregor felt that companies followed either one of these approaches. His theory theory y and theory x are theories of human motivation that have been used for human resource management, organizational behaviour and organizational development. Mcgregors theory x and y douglas mcgregor wrote the book the human side of enterprise in 1960 he examined individuals behaviour at work.
The climate in a theory x organisation tends to be impersonal and the theory suggests carrot and stick approach to motivation. In this theory, management assumes that employees are. Mcgregors x y theory is a natural rule for managing people. The theory x and theory y are the theories of motivation given by douglas mcgregor in 1960s. However, modern revisions including contingency theorists argue that theory y is not essentially a progressive alternative to a dull theory x. Theory x and theory y are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation, and while more recent studies have questioned the rigidity of the model, mcgregors xy theory remains a valid basic principle from which to develop positive. This theory assumes that, people are not, by nature, lazy and unreliable. From this he formulated two models of management based on hierarchy into lowerorder needs theory x and higherorder needs theory y. Find out how your management style reflects your beliefs about your teams motivation and explore how you can adopt a style that enables your team to. Introduction theory x and theory y are theories of human motivation created and developed by douglas mcgregor in the 1960s. Theory x, theory y, and theory z introduction to business. It describes two very different attitudes towards workforce motivation.
Theory x and theory y in his 1960 book, the human side of enterprise, douglas mcgregor proposed two theories by which to view employee motivation. Theory x says that the average human being is lazy and self. Motivating yourself and others theory x and theory y leadership styles how expectations influence. Ppt on motivation theories goal setting motivation scribd.
There is no evidence to confirm that either set of assumptions is valid. Ppt theories of motivation powerpoint presentation. Based on the premises concerning human behaviour, prof. If you want to continue this discussion or have a follow up question, please post it on the network. His work is based upon maslows hierarchy of needs, where he grouped the hiera. Conclusion theory x and theory y conclusion theory x and. Motivating people using theory x and theory y duration. Download powerpoint presentation for the complete course.
Mcgregor developed a philosophical view of humankind with his theory x and theory y in 1960. The major distinct disadvantage of theory x and theory y is that they are put forward as challenging sets of assumptions a supervisor is either motivated by theory x or by theory y. Ppt theory x and y powerpoint presentation free to view. In 1960, douglas mcgregor formulated theory x and theory y suggesting two. Theory x and theory y have to do with the perceptions managers hold on their employees, not the way they generally behave. Modern theories of motivation management study guide.
In 1960, he wrote the book \u201cthe human side of enterprise\u201d, where he identifies and develops his enowned theory x and theory y. Organizational behaviour in the context of people management consists of several theories in which theory x, theory y, theory z are the newly introduced. Theory x and theory y of douglas mcgregor people inside the organization can be. It postulates that people can be basically self directed and creative at work, if. He avoided descriptive labels and simply called the theories theory x and theory y. The challenge for management with theory y workers is to create a working environment or. They were created by douglas mcgregor while he was working at the mit. Aug 11, 2014 douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y. The consensus in general management is that theory x is more counterproductive, and that theory y is a more accurate depiction of human behaviour. Under theory y, behavior is dictated by the employees themselves through communication with management and an understanding of the agreed upon broader strategy and objectives.
Comparative analysis of theory x, theory y, theory z, and. Chapter 5 contemporary theories of motivation integrating. Theory x and y were created and developed by douglas mcgregor in the 1960s. Motivation implies the act of stimulating or inspiring subordinates to pursue the desired course of action. The relationship between mcgregors xy theory management. Theory x says that the average human being is lazy and selfcentred, lacks ambition, dislikes change, and longs to. Classical theories of motivation maslows hierarchy of needs theory. The idea that a managers attitude has an impact on employee motivation was originally proposed by douglas mcgregor, a management professor at the massachusetts institute of technology during the 1950s and 1960s. Both the theories, which are very different from each other, are used by managers to motivate their employees. Management theory x and theory y 11 may 2010 presented by. Theory x managers do not give their staff this opportunity so that the employees behave in the expected fashion. Humanistic psychologist abraham maslow, upon whose work mcgregor drew for theories x and y, went on to propose his own model of workplace motivation, theory z. Theory x and theory y are part of motivational theories.
Application of theory x and y in classroom management by. This image demonstrates where the true source of motivation is derived in each theory. Ppt theory x and y powerpoint presentation free to. Theory x the assumption that employees dislike work, are lazy, dislike responsibility, and must be coerced to perform. The paper also summarised the application of theory x and y in classroom management and also. Physiological needs mcgregors theory x and y theory x assume that workers have little ambition,dislike. Motivation powerpoint presentation content slides include topics such as. Mcgregors work was rooted in motivation theory alongside the works of abraham maslow, who created the hierarchy of needs. X teacher and theory y teacher in the 1960s, douglas mcgregor from mit came up with the theory x and theory y to describe styles of managers. Jul 08, 2017 motivation implies the act of stimulating or inspiring subordinates to pursue the desired course of action. In relations to theory y the organization is trying to create the most symbiotic relationship between the managers and workers which relates to self actualization and esteem. Mar 08, 2008 theory x and theory y was created and developed by douglas mcgregor at the mit sloan school of management in the 1960s.
This applies to individual pursuits in your life, and it certainly applies to business. Motivation, theory x and y, classroom, management manager and organisation introduction douglas mcgregor, an american social psychologist, proposed his famous theory x and y in his book the human side of enterprise in 1960. An optimal managerial style would help cultivate worker creativity, insight, meaning and moral excellence. It became very popular in the field of hr and it was a model that helped shift management from the negative paradigm to a positive spin. Difference between theory x and theory y with comparison.
Douglas mcgregor put forward a theory of motivation, called as theory x and theory y. Unlike theories x and y, theory z recognizes a transcendent dimension to work and worker motivation. Either theory x or theory y assumptions may be appropriate in a particular situation. Herzbergs twofactor theory of motivation simplest explanation ever duration. Mcgregor recognised certain needs that theory x fails to take into account. Armando benitez norelkis rodriguez marcela rojas dannye alvarez mitchell fonseca liz ramon a free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Theory x and theory y in 1960, douglas mcgregor formulated theory x and theory y suggesting two aspects of human behaviour at work, or in other words, two different views of individuals employees. In relation to theory y, the organization is trying to create the most symbiotic relationship between the managers and workers, which relates to maslows needs for selfactualization. According to mcgregor, theory x seeks to promote engagement by directing, monitoring. Douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y theory x and theory y are two sets of assumptions about human nature. Theory x vs theory y managers because employees have historically been given a flat exchange of time and energy for income, workplace incentives have often been rooted in a fear of loss of employment, in earning potential from extra productivity, or in acquiescing to managerial dominance for promotion. In short, theory x postulates people are lazy, will avoid work, and require incentives, whereas theory y postulates that people are ambitious, motivated and creative.
1104 1036 714 1245 958 1007 236 1495 62 781 1114 1018 508 335 872 393 330 1282 168 185 601 329 1267 467 1233 178 244 474 865 828 1147 1197 1465 282 1133 262 270 1494 1162 403 870 622 746